Kids Research Express

. Cnidarians, also known as coelenterates, diverse group of aquatic, invertebrate animals armed with microscopic stinging structures. Cnidarians make up the phylum Cnidaria, which encompasses more than 9,000 species, including corals , hydras , jellyfishes , Portuguese man-of-war , and sea anemones . Cnidarians live in all oceans, and a few species inhabit fresh water. Cnidarians have many shapes and they range in size from microscopic hydrozoans to jellyfishes that are 2 m (7 ft) in diameter with tentacles 30 m (100 ft) long. Although they have various physical characteristics, all cnidarians exhibit radial symmetry—that is, similar body parts radiate from a central mouth. Six to ten tentacles surround a cnidarian’s mouth to aid in the capture and ingestion of the animals they feed on. Cnidarians have a saclike body with a single mouth opening. The body wall is composed of two sheets of cells—an inner layer (the endoderm) and an outer layer (the ectoderm). A gelatinous mesoglea layer

. Zoologists (scientists who study animals) classify invertebrates into about 30 major groups, known as phyla. These phyla vary enormously in the number of species they contain. Arthropods (phylum Arthropoda) are the invertebrate phylum with the most species—more than one million known species and countless more awaiting discovery. The mollusks (phylum Mollusca) make up the second largest group of invertebrates, with at least 50,000 species. Among the simplest invertebrates are the sponges (phylum Porifera). Other major invertebrate phyla include the cnidarians (phylum Cnidaria), echinoderms (phylum Echinodermata), and several different groups of worms, including flatworms (phylum Platyhelminthes), roundworms (phylum Nematoda), and annelids (phylum Annelida). Invertebrates Phylum: Placozoa -> Microscopic marine animal. Flattened body composed of two outer layers of flagellated cells enclosing loose cells. Reproduces asexually and possibly sexually. – Examples: Single species identi